What is a Neuroblastic tumor?
What is a Neuroblastic tumor?
Neuroblastic tumors (ie, neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma) are the most common extracranial solid tumors occurring in children (1). The median age at diagnosis is about 16 months, and 95% of cases are diagnosed by 7 years of age (2,3).
What is the origin of neuroblastoma?
It is widely accepted that neuroblastoma origin from Neural Crest Cells (NCC). NCC is a group of embryonic cells located in proximity to neural tube. During the embryonic development they migrate to generate the ganglia of sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal medulla.
What is the pathophysiology of neuroblastoma?
Pathogenesis. Neuroblastoma arises from neural crest cells, which are normally involved in the development of the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal glands. Neuroblastoma is frequently located along the sympathetic nervous system structures.
What causes a ganglioneuroma?
Ganglioneuromas usually occur in people over 10 years of age. They grow slowly, and may release certain chemicals or hormones. There are no known risk factors. However, the tumors may be associated with some genetic problems, such as neurofibromatosis type 1.
How was neuroblastoma discovered?
In 1914, Herxheimer went on to show that within the tumors of neuroblastomas, special silver stains could highlight the neuronal fibrils allowing the cancer to be visualized under the microscope.
Can ganglioneuroma grow back?
Most ganglioneuromas are noncancerous, thus expected outcome is usually good. However, a ganglioneuroma may become cancerous and spread to other areas, or it may regrow after removal.
Is Ganglioneuroblastoma hereditary?
About 1 to 2 percent of affected individuals have familial neuroblastoma. This form of the condition has an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern , which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell increases the risk of developing the disorder.
How long do you live with neuroblastoma?
For children with low-risk neuroblastoma, the 5-year survival rate is higher than 95%. For children with intermediate-risk neuroblastoma, the 5-year survival rate is between 90% and 95%. For children with high-risk neuroblastoma, the-5-year survival rate is around 50%.
What are neoneuroblastic tumors of the brain?
Neuroblastic tumors arise from primitive cells of the sympathetic system and include the following entities: neuroblastoma; ganglioneuroblastoma; ganglioneuroma; These entities represent a spectrum of disease from undifferentiated and aggressive (neuroblastoma) to the well differentiated and largely quiescent (ganglioneuroma).
Cancer cells grow and multiply out of control. The accumulating abnormal cells form a mass (tumor). Neuroblastoma begins in neuroblasts — immature nerve cells that a fetus makes as part of its development process. As the fetus matures, neuroblasts eventually turn into nerve cells and fibers and the cells that make up the adrenal glands.
Does neuroblastoma affect development in children?
(Yes/No) Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor diagnosed in children age 5 years and younger These children are more likely to experience long term neurologic dysfunction and varying degrees of developmental delay
What are the signs and symptoms of neuroblastoma in the chest?
Neuroblastoma in the chest may cause signs and symptoms such as: Wheezing Chest pain Changes to the eyes, including drooping eyelids and unequal pupil size
