What is aromatic hydrocarbon give example?

What is aromatic hydrocarbon give example?

An aromatic hydrocarbon or arene (or sometimes aryl hydrocarbon) is a hydrocarbon with sigma bonds and delocalized pi electrons between carbon atoms forming rings. Example : Benzene.

What are some examples of aromatics?

Typical examples of aromatic compounds are benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene.

What is aerobic biodegradation?

Aerobic biodegradation is the breakdown of organic contaminants by microorganisms when oxygen is present. Many organic contaminants are rapidly degraded under aerobic conditions by aerobic bacteria called aerobes. Aerobic bacteria (aerobe) have an oxygen based metabolism.

How do you remove aromatic hydrocarbons?

Sorption is one of the effective methods to remove PAHs from aqueous solution. Selecting a proper sorption media, PAHs removal efficiency could be achieved up to 100%. Particle size, temperature, pH, contact time, salinity are some of the factors that influence sorption process.

Is cyclohexane an aromatic hydrocarbon?

Aromatic hydrocarbons are a special class of unsaturated hydrocarbon based on a six carbon ring moiety called benzene. The saturated hydrocarbon cyclohexane is transformed into the aromatic hydrocarbon benzene by adding three alternating carbon–carbon double bonds, as shown in Fig. 1.11.

Which of the following are uses of aromatic hydrocarbons?

Aromatic hydrocarbons are non-polar and relatively non-reactive due to these resonance structures and make excellent solvents. They are used in manufacturing fuels, pesticides, lacquers, paints, detergents, and more. One important example of an aromatic hydrocarbon is benzene, a six-carbon ring structure.

What are the three most commonly encountered aromatic hydrocarbons?

Benzene, toluene, and xylene (commonly known as BTX) are the three most commonly encountered aromatic hydrocarbons.

Are carrots aromatics?

Commonly-used aromatics include leeks, onions, carrots and celery, but the list goes on. Fennel, garlic, lemongrass, ginger, scallions, spicy chili peppers or bell peppers, bay leaves, thyme, parsley and peppercorns are all aromatic ingredients.

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation?

While aerobic microorganisms use oxidative reactions, the degradation by anaerobic bacteria takes place by reductive types of reactions. In contrast, the anaerobes degrade aromatic compounds by reductive conversions and the central intermediates ready for hydrolytic ring cleavage bear a 1,3-dioxo structure.

Is biodegradation aerobic or anaerobic?

From a microbial perspective, there are two methods for biodegradation: Aerobic in which organisms use oxygen as part of the respiration for consumption of nutrients. Anaerobic in which organisms use other elements such as sulfur, in the process of respiration and consumption of nutrients.

How do you get rid of PAH in water?

The removal of PAHs varied in the order: naphthalene ≈ acenaphthalene > anthracene ≈ pyrene > phenanthrene > fluoranthrene. The treatment combination having the maximum removal capacity was also used eficiently for the removal of PAHs from natural and fortified natural water.

What do we call hydrocarbons that only have single bonds with other atoms?

Alkanes. Alkanes, or saturated hydrocarbons, contain only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

Which aromatic compounds are biodegradable?

Biodegradation is a major mechanism of removal of organic pollutants from a contaminated site. This review focuses on bacterial degradation pathways of selected aromatic compounds. Catabolic pathways of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene are described in detail.

What is meant by aerobic biodegradation?

Aerobic Biodegradation Aerobic biodegradation is the breakdown of organic contaminants by microorganisms when oxygen is present. More specifically, it refers to occurring or living only in the presence of oxygen; therefore, the chemistry of the system, environment, or organism is characterized by oxidative conditions.

How are organic contaminants degraded under aerobic conditions?

Many organic contaminants are rapidly degraded under aerobic conditions by aerobic bacteria called aerobes. Aerobic bacteria (aerobe) have an oxygen based metabolism. Aerobes, in a process known as cellular respiration, use oxygen to oxidize substrates (for example sugars and fats) in order to obtain energy.

What is the final product of biodegradation?

Biodegradation processes vary greatly, but frequently the final product of the degradation is carbon dioxide or methane. Organic material can be degraded aerobically , with oxygen, or anaerobically , without oxygen.