What is arterial Hypervascularity?

What is arterial Hypervascularity?

Hypervascular pseudolesions are hypervascular enhanced regions in the liver parenchyma on arterial phase images caused by AP-shunts. There is no tumor in the hypervascular region. As is often the case in chronic liver diseases such as hypervascular HCC, the differential diagnosis is important.

What does arterial enhancement mean?

Arterial phase hyperenhancement, sometimes termed arterial “wash-in” or arterial “hypervascularity,” is defined as enhancement in the arterial phase that unequivocally is greater than that of surrounding liver.

What is meant by arterial phase?

Arterial phase is defined by full enhancement of hepatic arteries and absence of antegrade enhancement of hepatic veins. In the early arterial phase, portal vein is unenhanced. In later arterial phase, portal vein is enhanced. Late arterial phase is strongly preferred for HCC diagnosis and staging.

What is arterial phase CT scan?

CT angiography is a contrast CT taken at the location and corresponding phase of the blood vessels of interest, in order to detect vascular diseases. For example, an abdominal aortic angiography is taken in the arterial phase in the abdominal level, and is useful to detect for example aortic dissection.

What is arterial enhancement of the liver?

The arterial enhancement fraction, which is defined as the ratio of hepatic arterial perfusion to the total hepatic perfusion, can provide noninvasive assessment of hepatic perfusion.

How common is liver hemangioma?

How common are liver hemangiomas? Liver hemangioma is the most common benign (non-cancerous) liver tumor, affecting up to 5% of adults in the United States.

What is arterial system?

The arterial system is the higher-pressure portion of the circulatory system, with pressure varying between the peak pressure during heart contraction ( systolic pressure ) and the minimum (diastolic) pressure between contractions when the heart expands and refills.

What is the portal venous phase?

Portal venous phase is defined by full enhancement of portal veins and antegrade enhancement of hepatic veins.

What are the 4 phases of CT?

Quadruple-phase CT consisted of early arterial, late arterial, portal venous, and delayed phase imaging.

What is a 3 phase liver CT scan?

The triple-phase liver CT protocol is a useful examination in the assessment of focal liver lesions, hypervascular liver metastases and endocrine tumours. It involves a dedicated late arterial phase, portal venous phase and delayed phase acquisition.

What are the signs and symptoms of tumor hypervascularity?

Douglas R. Gnepp, in Gnepp’s Diagnostic Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck (Third Edition), 2021 Tumor hypervascularity imparts a red to blue hue, and profuse bleeding may occur during biopsy; it behooves the wise surgeon to establish the diagnosis by preoperative imaging.

What causes hypervascularity in the lower neck?

In this case, hypervascularity is observed within the lower neck, consistent with the history of metastatic disease. A small pseudoaneurysm arises from the left axillary artery. Given the patient’s short life expectancy and the presence of tumor in this area, surgical repair would be undesirable and maybe impossible.

What are hypervascular lesions of the liver?

Hypervascular liver lesions are findings that enhance more or similarly to the background hepatic parenchyma in the late arterial phase, on contrast-enhanced CT or MRI. enhancement must match blood pool in each phase, or not a haemangioma (i.e. similar to aorta in arterial, portal vein in portal phase, etc)

Is preoperative embolization necessary for the treatment of hypervascular tumors?

Several large series emphasize the importance of preoperative embolization, especially in known hypervascular tumors.