What is Bronchipulomonary sequestration?

What is Bronchipulomonary sequestration?

Bronchopulmonary sequestration, also known as BPS or pulmonary sequestration, is a rare birth defect in which an abnormal mass of nonfunctioning lung tissue forms during prenatal development. It can form outside (extralobar) or inside (intralobar) the lungs, but is not connected directly to the airways.

Is pulmonary sequestration life threatening?

While it is not in itself a life-threatening condition, a pulmonary sequestration can cause health complications including cardiovascular problems, long-term infections like tuberculosis, and bronchial cancer. It could be fatal if blood vessels in the lung begin to hemorrhage.

How common is bronchopulmonary sequestration?

Pulmonary sequestration, both intralobar or extralobar, is a rare clinical phenomenon with less than 6% incidence among all congenital lung malformations.

What causes pulmonary sequestration?

Pulmonary sequestration appears to result from abnormal budding of the primitive foregut. The tissue in this accessory lung bud migrates with the developing lung, but does not communicate with it. It receives its blood supply from vessels that connect to the aorta or one of its side branches.

What is the most common form of pulmonary sequestration?

Pulmonary sequestration represents approximately 6% of all congenital pulmonary malformations. Intrapulmonary sequestrations are the most common form, and 60% of these are found in the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe. Overall, 98% occur in the lower lobes.

What is a pulmonary sequestration?

Pulmonary sequestration refers to the situation whereby a portion of lung tissue receives its blood supply from an anomalous systemic artery. Three main variants exist: intralobar, extralobar and communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformations.

How do you stop atelectasis absorption?

How can you reduce the risk of absorption atelectasis? Preventing absorption atelectasis begins by addressing any potentially problematic respiratory conditions before a surgical procedure, including advising individuals to stop smoking in the weeks prior to surgery.

What are the symptoms of bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS)?

Symptoms of bronchopulmonary sequestration can vary, and depend on the size of the lesion. After birth, children with BPS may experience: Upper respiratory infections that take longer than usual to resolve Feeding difficulties and trouble gaining weight as infants

What are the symptoms of extralobular pulmonary sequestration?

Symptoms Symptoms. Listen. Typical symptoms seen in infants with extralobular pulmonary sequestration include cough, respiratory problems, feeding difficulties, or congestive heart failure, although many infants have no symptoms.

What does a chest radiograph show with pulmonary sequestration?

A chest radiograph may reveal a solid or fluid (cystic) lesion in the lower lobe, more often on the left side. Intralobular pulmonary sequestration is often diagnosed later than extralobular pulmonary sequestration, in childhood or adulthood.

When is fetal intervention necessary for bronchopulmonary sequestration?

In rare cases — when the lesion has grown abnormally large, is restricting lung growth or impairing blood flow, putting your baby at risk for heart failure — fetal intervention may be necessary. There are two types of bronchopulmonary sequestration: Intralobar, in which the mass forms inside the lungs.