What is coupling factor in directional coupler?
What is coupling factor in directional coupler?
The Coupling factor of a directional coupler is the ratio of incident power to the forward power, measured in dB.
What is coupling factor and isolation in a directional coupler?
Performance characteristics: Coupling Factor: This indicates the fraction of the input power (at P1) that is delivered to the coupled port, P3. Directivity: This is a measure of the coupler’s ability to separate waves propagating in forward and reverse directions, as observed at the coupled (P3) and isolated (P4) ports.
What is the directivity of ideal directional coupler?
An ideal directional coupler should have infinite directivity. In other words, the power at port 4 must be zero because port 2 and port 3 are perfectly matched. Actually, well-designed directional couplers have a directivity of only 30 to 35 dB.
What is coupling in coupler?
A coupling (or coupler) (used in piping or plumbing) is a very short length of pipe or tube, with a socket at one or both ends that allows two pipes or tubes to be joined, welded (steel), brazed or soldered (copper, brass etc.) together.
How do you calculate directivity of a directional coupler?
The DIRECTIVITY of directional couplers is an important parameter when using a coupler. Simply defined it is the ability of the coupler to distinguish between forward and reverse signals. Referring to the diagram below, we can define the directivity as: D = s31 + s21 – s32.
How do you measure directivity of a directional coupler?
For example, the reflection port (Port 4) of a directional coupler measures -20 dBm when Port 2 is terminated with a short and -55 dBm with a perfect termination, the directivity is simply the difference of the two, 35 dB.
What is a MUX coupler?
A WDM coupler is a device used in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) that can distribute optical signals from one fiber to two or more fibers or combine signals from two or more fibers into a single fiber.
What is a 2cc coupler?
The HA-1 is a 2cc coupler designed for measurement of custom-molded hearing aids, and is the Standard ANSI coupler. They have a physical appearance that represents traditional BTE hearing aids, but their fit in the ear canal presents a residual volume closer to that of a CIC hearing aid.
What is 3 dB down?
The frequency at which the power level of the signal decreases by 3 dB from its maximum value is called the 3 dB bandwidth. A 3 dB decrease in power means the signal power becomes half of its maximum value.
What is the coupling factor of a directional coupler?
The Coupling factor of a directional coupler is the ratio of incident power to the forward power, measured in dB. Directivity (D) The Directivity of a directional coupler is the ratio of forward power to the back power, measured in dB.
How do you define coupling directivity and isolations?
Define coupling, directivity, and isolations as the following ratios: FIGURE 2.38. Directional coupler. Coupling denotes the fraction of input power that is coupled to port 4 from port 1. Depending on the application, the coupling factor can be as high as 30 dB.
What is a directional coupler in microwave engineering?
Microwave Engineering – Directional Couplers. A Directional coupler is a device that samples a small amount of Microwave power for measurement purposes. The power measurements include incident power, reflected power, VSWR values, etc.
What is a bi-directional coupler?
As it is also a bi-directional coupler, when the power travels from Port 2 to Port 1, some portion of it gets coupled to Port 3 but not to Port 4. If the power is incident through Port 3, a portion of it is coupled to Port 2, but not to Port 1.
