What is intravenous anesthetic agent?
What is intravenous anesthetic agent?
Intravenous (i.v.) anesthetics include etomidate, midazolam, propofol, thiopental, ketamine, and opioid agonists. The first four agents act by enhancing the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the CNS.
Which anesthesia is given IV?
The goal is to make and keep a person completely unconscious (or “asleep”) during the operation, with no awareness or memory of the surgery. General anesthesia can be given through an IV (which requires sticking a needle into a vein, usually in the arm) or by inhaling gases or vapors by breathing into a mask or tube.
What is the mechanism of action for intravenous general anesthetics?
Intravenous anaesthetic agents depress the activity of the brain by acting on receptor-operated ion channels. Barbiturates enhance gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition, depress glutamate-mediated excitation, and hyperpolarize the membrane by increased potassium conductance.
Which is the anesthetic agent?
The agents in widespread current use are isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, and nitrous oxide. Nitrous oxide is a common adjuvant gas, making it one of the most long-lived drugs still in current use. Because of its low potency, it cannot produce anesthesia on its own but is frequently combined with other agents.
Why is propofol most commonly used?
Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is the most commonly used intravenous (IV) agent for induction of anesthesia. It is also used for maintenance of anesthesia and sedation in both Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and outpatient procedural settings.
What is deep IV sedation?
Deep IV sedation is a drug-induced state of relaxation during which patients are further unconscious to totally unconscious. Pain sensations are obtunded; thus, patients cannot be easily stimulated to awaken until the medications are diminished.
What is the pharmacology of propofol?
The action of propofol involves a positive modulation of the inhibitory function of the neurotransmitter gama-aminobutyric acid (GABA) through GABA-A receptors. Rapid – time to onset of unconsciousness is 15-30 seconds, due to rapid distribution from plasma to the CNS.
Which of the following intravenous anesthetic agent has antiemetic actions?
Propofol decreases cerebral oxygen requirements, cerebral blood flow, and intracranial pressure. It also has useful antiemetic effects.
Which of the following compounds is an anesthetic agent?
The most commonly used anesthetic gases are halothane, nitrous oxide, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane.
Which of the following drugs are used in IV anesthetic?
Introduction Used IV anesthetic drugs are: 1. Propofol ,Fospropofol 2.Thiopentone, Methohexital 3.Ketamine 4.Etomidate 5.Benzodiazepines (Diazepam, midazolam, lorazepam) 6.Dexmeditomidine 3. Chemical Structure Propofol Thiopenton e Ketamine Etomidate Benzodiazepin es Isopropyl phenol Barbiturate Replacemen t of oxygen at C2 with sulphur.
What are intravenous induction agents used for?
Intravenous induction agents. What are IV induction drugs • These are drugs that, when given intravenously in an appropriate dose, cause a rapid loss of consciousness. • One arm-brain circulation time • They are used: •To induce anaesthesia prior to other drugs being given to maintain anaesthesia. •As the sole drug for short procedures.
How much ketamine is needed for intense analgesia?
Intense analgesia can be achieved with subanesthetic doses of ketamine, 0.2 to 0.5 mg/kg IV. Analgesia is thought to be greater for somatic than for visceral pain Intravenous injection of ketamine does not produce pain or venous irritation.
What are the effects of intramuscular injection of ketamine?
Intravenous injection of ketamine does not produce pain or venous irritation. Consciousness is lost in 30 to 60 seconds after an intravenous administration and in 2 to 4 minutes after an intramuscular injection. Unconsciousness is associated with the maintenance of normal or only slightly depressed pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes.
