What is the chemiosmotic coupling?
What is the chemiosmotic coupling?
Definition. The process that couples or links the electron transport chain to ATP synthesis. Supplement. Chemiosmosis is described as one of the mechanisms by which ATP is produced.
Where does chemiosmotic coupling occur?
The generation of ATP by chemiosmosis occurs in mitochondria and chloroplasts, as well as in most bacteria and archaea, an electron transport chain pumps H+ ions (protons) in the thylakoid spaces through thylakoid membranes to stroma (fluid).
What does chemiosmotic hypothesis explain?
The chemiosmotic hypothesis was proposed by Peter Mitchell. The ATP and NADH2 generated during the light reaction is used for carbon dioxide fixation during the dark reaction. According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis, ATP is produced by due to the proton gradient created across the mitochondrial membrane.
What is Chemiosmotic hypothesis Class 11?
The theory which explains how ATP is synthesized in the chloroplast is chemiosmotic hypothesis. Like in respiration, in photosynthesis too, ATP synthesis is linked to development of a proton gradient across the membranes of the thylakoid.
What is chemiosmotic theory of oxidative phosphorylation?
The chemiosmotic theory was developed by the British biochemist, Peter Mitchell, to explain the mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria (and photophosphorylation in chloroplasts). Thus, oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?
The chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involves a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
What are the main features of the chemiosmotic hypothesis?
The chemiosmotic hypothesis suggests that the action of ATP synthase is coupled with that of a proton gradient. It is the action of the proton gradient that causes a proton motive force that allows ATP synthase to phosphorylate ADP and inorganic phosphate to ATP.
Who proposed the chemiosmotic hypothesis?
Peter Mitchell
Today, this is accepted knowledge. However, when Peter Mitchell first postulated a mechanism for this in 1961, through his chemiosmotic theory, it was immediately met with hostility.
Who proposed chemiosmotic hypothesis?
What is chemiosmotic hypothesis Class 11?
What is the chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis?
Chemiosmotic Coupling Hypothesis. b. Oxidative phosphorylation by Chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis. The proton-motive force conserves, more than enough free energy (about 200 kJ) per “mole” of electron pairs to drive the formation of a mole of ATP, which requires about 50 kJ.
Does Chemiosmotic coupling occur in chloroplasts?
There is good evidence, both direct and indirect, to support the chemiosmotic-coupling hypothesis. Phosphorylation of ADP also occurs in chloroplasts and can be explained by a similar chemiosmotic-coupling mechanism that creates a proton gradient across the organelle’s thylakoid membranes.
What is the medical definition of chemiosmotic?
Medical Definition of chemiosmotic. : relating to or being a hypothesis that seeks to explain the mechanism of ATP formation in oxidative phosphorylation by mitochondria and chloroplasts without recourse to the formation of high-energy intermediates by postulating the formation of an energy gradient of hydrogen ions across…
How does the chemiosmotic theory explain how ATP is produced?
The chemiosmotic theory explains how ATP is generated in the mitochondria via the electron transfer chain (ETC). ETC is an oxidative phosphorylation reaction takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. It begins with NADH and FADH2 that looses electrons.
