What is the difference between a sessile polyp and a hyperplastic polyp?

What is the difference between a sessile polyp and a hyperplastic polyp?

Small, serrated polyps in the lower colon, also known as hyperplastic polyps, are rarely malignant. Larger serrated polyps, which are typically flat (sessile), difficult to detect and located in the upper colon, are precancerous.

Is a sessile serrated polyp hyperplastic?

The serrated class includes the hyperplastic polyps, which are not considered precancerous; sessile serrated polyps (also called sessile serrated adenomas; Figures 1 and ​2); and traditional serrated adenomas, which are quite rare and often mistaken by pathologists for conventional adenomas.

Are hyperplastic polyps serrated polyps?

The histological discrimination of hyperplastic polyps from sessile serrated lesions can be difficult. Sessile serrated lesions and hyperplastic polyps are types of serrated polyps which confer different malignancy risks, and surveillance intervals, and are sometimes difficult to discriminate.

Are sessile and serrated polyps the same?

Serrated polyps (serrated adenomas) have a saw-tooth appearance under the microscope. There are 2 types, which look a little different under the microscope: Sessile serrated adenomas (also called sessile serrated polyps) Traditional serrated adenomas.

What is a sessile serrated polyp?

Sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/Ps) are early precursor lesions in the serrated neoplasia pathway, which results in colorectal carcinomas with BRAF mutations, methylation for DNA repair genes, a CpG island methylator phenotype, and high levels of microsatellite instability.

What is a sessile serrated adenoma?

What is a sessile serrated adenoma? A sessile serrated adenoma (SSA) is a non-cancerous growth in the colon. However, it can become cancerous if left untreated or not completely removed.

How serious is a serrated adenoma?

The serrated pathway to colon cancer is a newly identified and clinically significant mechanism by which sporadic colon cancers develop. Variant polyps of the serrated adenoma family have been recognized as precursor lesions with serious mutagenic potential for conversion to cancer, the most common of which is the SSA.

What is a sessile serrated adenoma colon polyp?

A sessile serrated adenoma (SSA) is a non-cancerous growth in the colon. However, it can become cancerous if left untreated or not completely removed.

What percentage of sessile serrated polyps become cancerous?

Removing polyps will reduce the risk of the polyp becoming cancerous in the future. This is an especially good idea for serrated sessile polyps. According to one study, 20 to 30 percent of colorectal cancers come from serrated polyps.

What causes a sessile polyp?

As the mutations buildup and expands, it can form a sessile polyp colon. There are other ways of developing mutations. Some times people have genetic issues in their family that increase the rest of mutations. Other times a person can have been exposed to radiation or chemotherapy.

What is traditional serrated adenoma?

Traditional serrated adenoma, abbreviated TSA , are a rare type of gastrointestinal polyp. Before the sessile serrated adenomas were recognized, these lesions were known as serrated adenomas.

Are all sessile polyps cancerous?

Only a small minority of all polyps become cancerous. That includes sessile polyps. However, sessile polyps are a greater cancer risk because they’re tricky to find and may be overlooked for years. Their flat appearance hides them in the thick mucus membranes that line the colon and stomach.

What causes, prevents colon polyps?

Causes and Risks. The complete cause of polyp formation and colon cancer is unknown, but it is known that heredity plays a key role. Certain genes seem to prevent colon cancer from developing. Some people may lose these protective genes.