What is the difference between Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic?

What is the difference between Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic?

Enantiotopic and diastereotopic are two types of topicity in chemical compounds. The key difference between enantiotopic and diastereotopic is that the term enantiotopic refers to the ability to form a chiral centre whereas the term diastereotopic refers to the ability to form a diastereomer.

How do you know if you are homotopic?

To determine the relationship of these protons, remember that symmetry axis means homotopic, and if there is no axis, but a there is a plane of symmetry, then the protons are enantiotopic. If the protons are not related by these symmetry elements, they are not equivalent and will give two NMR signals.

Do Enantiotopic protons split each other?

We might call the two protons “enantiotopic.” Why don’t they split each other? Enantiomers, as we’ve said above, have the same physical properties. Therefore, the two protons are in the same physical environment. As such, they are chemically equivalent, and thus they do not split each other.

What is homotopic in chemistry?

Illustrated Glossary of Organic Chemistry – Homotopic. Homotopic: Atoms or groups that are equivalent. When each member of a set of homotopic groups is replaced, then resultant structures are identical. Replacement of any one of the four hydrogen atoms with a bromine atom gives the same compound, bromomethane.

What are homotopic atoms?

Homotopic atoms are always identical, in any environment. Homotopic NMR-active nuclei have the same chemical shift in an NMR spectrum. For example, the four hydrogen atoms of methane (CH4) are homotopic with one another, as are the two hydrogens or the two chlorines in dichloromethane (CH2Cl2).

What is the difference between Homotopic and Enantiotopic?

If replacing two protons with a different group (X) gives the same compound, the protons are called Homotopic. If replacing two protons with a different group (X) gives a pair of enantiomers, the protons are called Enantiotopic.

What does it mean to be Diastereotopic?

The stereochemical term diastereotopic refers to the relationship between two groups in a molecule which, if replaced, would generate compounds that are diastereomers. Diastereotopic groups are often, but not always, identical groups attached to the same atom in a molecule containing at least one chiral center.

What is the difference between homotopic and enantiotopic and diastereotopic faces?

Note that homotopic faces, atoms or groups can never be distinguished – they look exactly the same in NMR, in any reaction, etc. Enantiotopic faces, atoms or groups look the same on their own, but will react differently with chiral molecules. Diastereotopic faces, atoms or groups always appear different.

How to determine whether protons are homotopic or enantiotopic?

However, if you also need to determine specifically whether the protons are homotopic, enantiotopic or diastereotopic, use this quick flowchart instead of the swapping method: Check if the two protons are exchangeable by a symmetry axis or can be reflected through a plane of symmetry.

How do you know if protons are diastereotopic?

If replacing two protons with a different group (X) gives a pair of diastereomers, the protons are called Diastereotopic. And if replacing two protons gives two constitutional isomers, the protons are said to be constitutionally heterotopic or simply heterotopic protons: 1.

Is dichloromethane diastereotopic or homotopic?

Diastereotopic faces, atoms or groups always appear different. Dichloromethane’s two Hs and two Cls are homotopic, because if we deuterate one hydrogen, we still don’t get a chiral molecule.