What is the function of CD11c?

What is the function of CD11c?

CD11c has been proposed to function in phagocytosis, cell migration, and cytokine production by monocytes/macrophages as well as induction of T cell proliferation by Langerhans cells. Using assays to quantify CD11c-mediated cell adhesion, we demonstrate that CD11c recognizes ICAM-2 and VCAM-1.

What is cDC1?

cDC1 are located in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues, and express higher levels of MHC class II and CD11c compared to pDCs. They show dependence on the Batf3 transcription factor and are characterized by different sets of markers depending on their location, origin, and function.

Do dendritic cells express cd20?

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are known mainly for their secretion of type I IFN upon viral encounter. These CD2hiCD5+CD81+ cells express classical pDC markers, as well as the toll-like receptors that enable conventional pDCs to respond to viral infection.

Is pDCs a CD11c+?

pDCs express lower levels of CD11c than cDCs, and cDCs downregulate CD11c upon migration or activation. Lung macrophages express CD11c at levels as high as those found on cDCs. Some CD11c expression has been found on spleen macrophages, NK cells, activated T cells, and monocytes.

What is CD11c cell?

CD11c is a type I transmembrane protein that is expressed on monocytes, granulocytes, a subset of B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages and may be demonstrated on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, marginal zone lymphomas, and hairy cell leukemia. CD11c is abundantly expressed in monocytes and macrophages.

Does macrophages express CD11c?

In addition to classical DCs, a network of macrophages expressing high levels of CD11c and CX3CR1 is spread throughout the intestinal lamina propria.

What is cDC1 vs cDC2?

cDC1 perform cross-presentation of antigens to MHC class I and start type I cytotoxic immune responses. cDC2 activate innate lymphoid cells 2 (ILC2) and TH2 cells and Induce ILC3 and TH17 immune responses.

What is the difference between cDC1 and cDC2?

cDC2 exhibit the same MHC class II and CD11c expression pattern as cDC1, but express additional markers not present on cDC1 and depend on a different transcription factor, i.e., IRF4.

Where do dendritic cells reside?

Dendritic cells are present in those tissues that are in contact with the external environment, such as the skin (where there is a specialized dendritic cell type called the Langerhans cell) and the inner lining of the nose, lungs, stomach and intestines. They can also be found in an immature state in the blood.

Do dendritic cells express Ly6C?

Therefore, we concluded that monocyte-derived dendritic cell-like, CD11c-expressing Ly6C+CCR2+ phagocytes represent the main niche for high proliferating pathogens.

Do pDCs present antigen?

Resting pDCs are weak antigen presenting cells and in contrast to cDCs do not prime naïve T cells. After activation, pDCs can acquire the capacity to present antigens and activate T cells directly.

Where are pDCs found?

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Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) resemble antibody-secreting plasma cells and are believed to arise from a lymphoid progenitor. pDCs are found in blood and in lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, thymus, and Peyer’s patches. Activated pDCs link innate immunity and adaptive immunity to viruses.

What are the similarities between mitosis and cell division?

These two cell division processes are similar but distinct. Both processes involve the division of a diploid cell or a cell containing two sets of chromosomes (one chromosome donated from each parent). In mitosis, the genetic material (DNA) in a cell is duplicated and divided equally between two cells.

How many daughter cells are produced after mitosis?

Two daughter cells are produced after mitosis and cytoplasmic division, while four daughter cells are produced after meiosis. Daughter cells resulting from mitosis are diploid, while those resulting from meiosis are haploid. Daughter cells that are the product of mitosis are genetically identical.

How many times does a somatic cell divide during mitosis?

Mitosis: A somatic cell divides once. Cytokinesis (the division of the cytoplasm) occurs at the end of telophase. Meiosis: A reproductive cell divides twice. Cytokinesis happens at the end of telophase I and telophase II.

Does nuclear division end with cytokinesis?

Moreover, nuclear division can be divided into two processes as mitosis and meiosis. Mitotic cell division produces genetically identical cells from somatic cells while meiosis produces gametes from germ cells that contain different genetic content. However, for a complete cell division, both mitosis and meiosis should end with cytokinesis.