What is the function of Listeriolysin O?
What is the function of Listeriolysin O?
Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a secreted pore-forming protein essential for the escape of L. monocytogenes from the vacuole formed upon initial internalization. However, its role in intracellular growth and cell-to-cell spread events has not been testable by a genetic approach.
Is Listeriolysin an exotoxin?
Most human listeriosis outbreaks are caused by Listeria monocytogenes evolutionary lineage I strains which possess four exotoxins: a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PlcA), a broad-range phospholipase C (PlcB), listeriolysin O (LLO) and listeriolysin S (LLS).
Does Listeria release toxins?
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen capable of secreting listeriolysin O (LLO), a pore-forming toxin encoded by the hly gene.
What toxin does Listeria produce?
Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a toxin produced by Listeria monocytogenes, an opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for the disease listeriosis. This disease starts with the ingestion of contaminated foods and mainly affects immunocompromised individuals, newborns, and pregnant women.
What type of toxin is Listeriolysin?
Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a cholesterol-dependent pore-forming toxin produced by the bacterium to disrupt vacuolar membranes and promote bacterial entry into the cytosol [48].
Does Listeria monocytogenes produce exotoxin?
Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a hemolysin produced by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, the pathogen responsible for causing listeriosis. The toxin may be considered a virulence factor, since it is crucial for the virulence of L….
| Listeriolysin O | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| UniProt | P13128 |
| showSearch for |
How is LLO secreted?
The intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes escapes from a phagosomal compartment into the cytosol by secreting the pore-forming cytolysin listeriolysin O (LLO). monocytogenes bacteria in the mammalian cell cytosol, the secreted LLO is targeted for degradation by the ubiquitin system.
How does Listeria reproduce?
After entering a host cell, L. monocytogenes rapidly escape from phagosomes through the combined actions of a pore-forming hemolysin, listeriolysin O, and two phospholipases, PlcA and PlcB, and then replicates in the cytosol (O’Riordan & Portnoy, 2002; Schnupf & Portnoy, 2007).
Where can Listeria monocytogenes be found?
Listeria monocytogenes are widely distributed in nature. They can be found in soil, water, vegetation and the faeces of some animals and can contaminate foods.
Is Listeria an infection or toxin?
Listeriosis is a serious infection usually caused by eating food contaminated with the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. An estimated 1,600 people get listeriosis each year, and about 260 die.
What is listeriolysin O (LLO)?
Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a hemolysin produced by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, the pathogen responsible for causing listeriosis. The toxin may be considered a virulence factor, since it is crucial for the virulence of L. monocytogenes. 1 Biochemistry.
Is listeriolysin O a pest-like protein?
However, contrary to PEST’s supposed role in protein degradation, evidence suggests that the PEST-like sequence may regulate LLO production in the cytosol rather than increase degradation of LLO. Listeriolysin O is encoded by the gene hly, which is part of a pathogenicity island called LIPI-1.
What is the pathogenicity island of listeriolysin?
Listeriolysin O is encoded by the gene hly, which is part of a pathogenicity island called LIPI-1. Transcription of hly, as well as other virulence factors of L. monocytogenes within LIPI-1, is activated by the protein encoded by prfA gene.
What is the function of listeriolysin in phagosome?
Listeriolysin creates pores in the phagosome and allows the bacteria to escape into the cytosol, so antigens can be presented on both Class I and Class II Major Histocompatibility Complex and activate CD8 and CD4 T-cells respectively.
