What is the treatment for coloboma?
What is the treatment for coloboma?
Many children and adults with iris coloboma will require no treatment. However, some have a special contact lens fitted that covers the keyhole-shaped pupil and makes it look round. This improves the cosmetic appearance of the eye as well as reducing light sensitivity.
What is optic disc coloboma?
Coloboma of the optic nerve is a congenital eye abnormality in which the optic nerve (which carries images of what the eye sees to the brain) is incompletely formed. The condition may occur in one or both eyes. The degree of visual impairment varies widely depending on the severity and structures involved.
What are the types of coloboma?
There are different types of coloboma, depending on the part of the eye affected:
- Eyelid coloboma. A piece of the upper or lower eyelid is missing.
- Lens coloboma. A piece of the lens is missing.
- Macular coloboma.
- Optic nerve coloboma.
- Uveal coloboma.
- Chorio-retinal coloboma.
What causes iris coloboma?
“Typical” iris colobomas are located in the inferonasal quadrant. They are caused by failure of the embryonic fissure to close in the 5th week of gestation, resulting in a “keyhole-shaped” pupil. They may be associated with colobomas of the ciliary body, choroid, retina, or optic nerve.
How does coloboma affect vision?
Large retinal colobomas or those affecting the optic nerve can cause low vision, which means vision loss that cannot be completely corrected with glasses or contact lenses. Some people with coloboma also have a condition called microphthalmia. In this condition, one or both eyeballs are abnormally small.
How is coloboma diagnosis?
A coloboma of the iris may be identified visually by parents or a pediatrician. It may be found during a preventative eye examination if there is a known family history of a visual impairment, or it may found during an eye examination when another visual impairment has been previously identified.
What is macular coloboma?
Coloboma of macula is a rare, non-syndromic developmental defect of the eye characterized by well-circumscribed, oval or rounded, usually unilateral, atrophic lesions of varying size presenting rudimentary or absent retina, choroid and sclera located at the macula leading to decreased vision and, on occasion, other …
What is fundus coloboma?
Coloboma is a Greek word that means mutilation [1]. Coloboma of the fundus is caused by defective closure of the embryonal fissure. Typical coloboma is the term used to describe the defects seen in the inferior/infero-nasal part of the fundus that can be clearly attributed to defect in closure of embryonal fissure.
What is optic disc pit?
Optic disc pit (ODP) is a rare congenital anomaly of the optic disc, which can be complicated by a maculopathy associated with progressive visual loss. Optic disc pits are usually unilateral and sporadic in occurrence, and the development of maculopathy is unpredictable with no known triggers.
What is optic disc drusen?
Optic nerve drusen are abnormal deposition of protein and calcium found in the optic nerve. They can be found on the surface of the nerve or buried beneath the surface. They are found in 1-2% of the population and usually occur in both eyes but can occasionally be present in just one eye.
How is coloboma diagnosed?
The most obvious presentation of a coloboma is as a notch or a gap in some part of the eye, whether that be the iris, the retina, the choroid, or the optic nerve. Colobomas of the eyelids also occur but have a different route of origin.
What are the symptoms of coloboma?
Symptoms of Coloboma
- Keyhole-shaped pupil.
- Light sensitivity or photophobia (usually occurs with iris coloboma)
- Vision impairment or loss that may not always be correctable.
What is coloboma of optic disc?
Coloboma of optic disc is a rare, genetic, developmental defect of the eye characterized by a unilateral or bilateral, sharply demarcated, bowl-shaped, glistening white excavation on the optic disc (typically decentered inferiorly) which usually manifests with varying degrees of reduced visual acuity.
Can coloboma of the optic nerve be corrected?
Coloboma of the optic nerve may occur sporadically, may be due to a genetic mutation and be inherited, or may occur as a feature of an underlying syndrome or other genetic condition. There is no treatment to correct an optic nerve coloboma, but low vision aids may be helpful for some people.
What is chorio-retinal coloboma?
Cases reported as choroidal coloboma or retinal coloboma have been grouped as chorio-retinal coloboma. The coloboma was sub-grouped as—isolated iris coloboma, isolated optic disc coloboma or chorio retinal coloboma (with or without iris or disc coloboma).
Is laser retinopexy effective for choroidal coloboma?
Prophylactic laser retinopexy to the border of choroidal coloboma appears to be an attractive option for reducing risk of coloboma-related retinal detachment. However, a majority of the eyes have the optic disc within the choroidal coloboma, thus making it difficult to safely administer a complete treatment.
