Which form of diabetes is HNF1A gene linked to?
Which form of diabetes is HNF1A gene linked to?
The HNF1A gene contributes to the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). HNF1A gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were modestly associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and glycemic features in different populations [5,6,7].
How do you know if something is a transcription factor?
To qualify as a transcription factor, a protein must possess two qualities. 1) Ability to bind to DNA and 2) recruit RNA polymerase/alter transcription of a gene.
How do transcription factors find their targets?
Transcription factors (which are described in the video) have to be able to first scan the genome so they can find their target sites and then bind there, which will turn genes on or off. It’s known that they can also randomly attach to the genome non-specifically.
When is MODY diagnosed?
MODY is commonly diagnosed in late childhood to adulthood– typically before age 25 (and rarely after age 35). Neonatal diabetes, also caused by a single gene mutation, is diagnosed in newborns younger than 6 months of age. MODY can be passed down from an affected parent to a child.
What does the HNF1A gene do?
The HNF1A gene provides instructions for making a protein called hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF-1α). The HNF-1α protein acts as a transcription factor, which means it attaches (binds) to specific regions of DNA and helps control the activity of certain genes.
What does HNF-1α do for the liver?
The HNF-1α protein also controls genes involved in liver development. By controlling genes that regulate cell growth and survival, the HNF-1α protein is thought to act as a tumor suppressor, which means that it helps prevent cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way.
What is the role of hnf-1a in intestinal epithelial cell differentiation?
It has been shown to affect intestinal epithelial cell growth and cell lineages differentiation. For instance, HNF1A is an important cell-intrinsic transcription factor in adult B lymphopoiesis.
What is the dimerization domain of hnf-1?
Meanwhile, the dimerization domain is responsible for the homo- and heterodimerization of HNF-1α. The resulting dimer contains a rigid “mini-zipper”, comprising α-helices 1 and 1′, linked by a non-canonical tight turn to a flexible C-terminal comprising α-helices 2 and 2′.
