How does p53 become mutated?
How does p53 become mutated?
P53 is often mutated in solid tumors, in fact, somatic changes involving the gene encoding for p53 (TP53) have been discovered in more than 50% of human malignancies. P53 is a transcription factor able to regulate several intracellular pathways involved in cell survival, DNA-repair, apoptosis and senescence.
Are there any current treatments for p53 mutations?
Many researchers believe the emerging science of gene therapy holds the key. A gene therapy treatment based on restoring p53 could be safely combined with traditional cancer treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy to increase the overall effectiveness of the treatment plan.
What would a mutated p53 gene result in?
This altered p53 protein cannot regulate cell growth and division and is unable to trigger apoptosis in cells with mutated or damaged DNA. As a result, DNA damage can accumulate in cells. If such cells continue to divide in an uncontrolled way, they can lead to the formation of bladder cancer.
What is the first commercial gene therapy product that delivers the p53 tumor suppressor gene?
Gendicine is the first commercialized gene therapy medicine for the treatment of cancer that uses a shuttling system based on Ad to carry a p53 gene to limit cancer growth (Zhaohui, 2005).
What is the gene mutated in 50% of cancers?
The most commonly mutated gene in people with cancer is p53 or TP53. More than 50% of cancers involve a missing or damaged p53 gene. Most p53 gene mutations are acquired. Germline p53 mutations are rare, but patients who carry them are at a higher risk of developing many different types of cancer.
Is p53 gene recessive?
p53 mutants are recessive for transactivation of p21WAF1/CIP1 but dominant negative for transactivation of Bax. p53 mutants previously found in human cancers were analyzed for the ability to perform wild-type p53-associated functions.
What is the first commercial gene therapy product approved in 2003 for the treatment of certain cancers?
Gendicine (recombinant human p53 adenovirus), developed by Shenzhen SiBiono GeneTech Co. Ltd., was approved in 2003 by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) as a first-in-class gene therapy product to treat head and neck cancer, and entered the commercial market in 2004.
When was the first gene therapy patient treated?
The first patient to be treated with gene therapy was a four year old girl treated at the NIH Clinical Center in 1990. She had a congenital disease called adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency which severely affects immunity and the ability to fight infections.
