What did Albert Fert discover?
What did Albert Fert discover?
Albert Fert (born 7 March 1938) is a French physicist. He discovered giant magnetoresistance which was used to make gigabyte hard disks much easier to build. He is a professor at Université Paris-Sud in Orsay and scientific director of a laboratory called Unité mixte de recherche.
Who won the Nobel Prize in physics for the discovery of giant magnetoresistance?
Albert Fert
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007 was awarded jointly to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg “for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance.”
What is giant magnetoresistance sensor?
The Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) is the large change in the electrical resistance which is induced by the application of a magnetic field to thin films composed of alternating ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic layers.
How do you calculate magnetoresistance?
Magnetoresistance is defined as:[2.2]MR(T)=ρ(H,T)−ρ(0,T)ρ(0,T)where ρ(H, T) and ρ(0, T) are the resistivity at a given temperature T in the presence and absence of magnetic field H, respectively.
Why is magnetoresistance important?
Magnetoresistance is the tendency of a material (often ferromagnetic) to change the value of its electrical resistance in an externally-applied magnetic field. In these, a magnetic field can adjust the resistance by orders of magnitude.
What is the difference between TMR and GMR?
GMR and TMR devices have a basic common structure, namely, two ferromagnetic metal films separated magnetically by a nonmagnetic film. The difference between the structures of these devices is in the nonmagnetic spacer film which consists of a metal film (GMR) or an insulator film (TMR).
What is the difference between AMR and GMR?
TMR technology sensors achieve a high output—about 20 times higher than conventional anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) sensors, and nearly six times higher than giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors, the latter of which contain at least two magnetic layers separated by a nonmagnetic layer.
What are the differences between GMR and TMR?
What did Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg discover?
Photo: U. Montan The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007 was awarded jointly to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg “for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance.” MLA style: The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2021.
What is giant magnetoresistance (GMR)?
Giant magnetoresistance ( GMR) is a quantum mechanical magnetoresistance effect observed in multilayers composed of alternating ferromagnetic and non-magnetic conductive layers. The 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg for the discovery of GMR.
Who is Peter Grünberg?
Peter Andreas Grünberg (18 May 1939 – 7 April 2018) was a German physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his discovery with Albert Fert of giant magnetoresistance which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disk drives.
When was the giant magnetoresistive effect discovered?
In 1986 he discovered the antiparallel exchange coupling between ferromagnetic layers separated by a thin non-ferromagnetic layer, and in 1988 he discovered the giant magnetoresistive effect (GMR). GMR was simultaneously and independently discovered by Albert Fert from the Université de Paris Sud.
