What is endocervix and Ectocervix?

What is endocervix and Ectocervix?

The endocervix is the opening of the cervix that leads into the uterus. It is covered with glandular cells. The exocervix (or ectocervix) is the outer part of the cervix that can be seen by the doctor during a speculum exam. It is covered in squamous cells.

What causes endocervical adenocarcinoma?

Most cases of endocervical adenocarcinoma are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus infects the cells on the surface of the cervix. Over time, these cells change into cancer cells. Cells infected with high-risk types of HPV typically produce large amounts of a protein called p16.

What is uterine endocervix?

Listen to pronunciation. (EN-doh-SER-vix) The inner part of the cervix that forms a canal that connects the vagina to the uterus. The endocervix is lined with cells that make mucus.

What is the stroma of the cervix?

The stroma of the cervix is com- posed of dense, fibromuscular tissue through which vascular, lymphatic, and nerve supplies to the cervix pass and form a complex plexus. The arterial supply of the cervix is derived from the internal iliac arter- ies through the cervical and vaginal branches of the uterine arteries.

What is squamous metaplasia of Endocervix?

Squamous metaplasia of endocervix is defined by a presence of islands of squamous cells above the SCJ. It is a common physiological condition believed to be associated with the hormonal changes that occur during puberty in young girls.

What causes squamous metaplasia of cervix?

Factors in the initiation and promotion of squamous metaplasia are chronic irritation of a physical nature, such as that caused by an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD), chemical irritants, inflammation with cell destruction, and endocrine changes at the beginning of, during, and after reproductive age.

What is endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ?

Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) is a non-invasive type of cervical cancer. The disease starts in the cervix from the glands in the endocervical canal. AIS is called non-invasive because the cancer cells are seen only in the epithelium.

What does squamous metaplasia mean?

Squamous metaplasia, the process by which mature, non-squamous epithelium is replaced by stratified squamous epithelium, is a well-described phenomenon in the endocervical canal of both women and laboratory animals. In the human cervix, this process has been shown to develop in stages.

What does ectocervix mean?

Ectocervix (exocervix, portio vaginalis), is the lower intravaginal portion of the cervix. It is delimited by the anterior and posterior vaginal fornices and separated from the supravaginal portion of the cervix by the attachment of the vaginal wall. The ectocervix has a convex, elliptical surface and is divided into anterior and posterior lips.

What is the cervix and it’s purpose?

The cervix produces cervical mucus that changes in consistency during the menstrual cycle to prevent or promote pregnancy . During childbirth, the cervix dilates widely to allow the baby to pass through. During menstruation, the cervix opens a small amount to permit passage of menstrual flow.

What is endocervical component present mean?

What is endocervical/transformation zone component present…. Simply put, it means that the tissue being examined was taken sufficiently far-in that the cellular transition from cervix to endometrium was observed under the microscope, and gives a more thorough examination.

What is an abnormal cervix?

Cervical dysplasia is a common condition that describes abnormal precancerous changes to the cervix, the cylindrical canal that forms the connection between the uterus and vagina. Abnormal changes can range from mild to severe and are detected through a routine Pap smear.

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