What is facultative brood parasitism?

What is facultative brood parasitism?

Facultative brood parasitism (also called egg-dumping) occurs when a female of a species that typically exhibits parental care of offspring lays eggs in the nest of another individual (e.g., Bailey 1886, Gustafson 1975, Littlefield 1984, Sealy 1989).

What is brood parasitism biology?

Definition of brood parasitism : social parasitism among birds characterized by a bird of one species laying its eggs in the nest of a bird of another species and giving no parental care to the eggs.

What is brood parasitism explain with example?

Brood parasitism is a method of parasitism in which the organism lays its eggs in the nest of other birds and let that other bird to incubate them. Example : The cuckoo bird lays its eggs in the nest of crow and during the period of evolution, eggs of cuckoo bird has began to resemble with the eggs of crow.

What is interspecific parasitism?

intraspecific parasitism A variety of brood parasitism in birds, in which a female lays eggs in the nest of others of the same species. A Dictionary of Ecology. “intraspecific parasitism .”

What is brood parasitism Class 12?

Answer. Brood parasitism is a method of parasitism in which the organism lays its eggs in the nest of other birds and let that other bird to incubate them. Brood parasitism occurs in birds.

What is obligate brood parasite?

Obligate brood parasites lay eggs in nests of other species and have completely lost the ability to construct nests and incubate eggs. Examples include Brown-headed Cowbirds and European Cuckoos. About 1% of all known bird species are obligate brood parasites.

What causes brood parasitism?

This most commonly occurs because the host cannot differentiate the parasitic eggs from their own. It may also occur when hosts temporarily leave the nest after laying the eggs. The parasites lay their own eggs into these nests so their nestlings share the food provided by the host. It may occur in other situations.

How did brood parasitism evolve?

Hamilton and Orians (1965) provided an alternative route which may have led to interspecific parasitism. They suggested that brood parasitism may have evolved through tendencies of certain species to lay in the nests of other females, either as a consequence of nest destruction, or accidental placement of eggs.

What is parasitism write a note on brood parasitism?

Brood parasitism is a condition in which some species of birds thrive by leaving their eggs in the care of other birds due to similarities in physical features. For example, cuckoo leaves its eggs in the crow’s nest. This cuckoo egg hatches and matures for some period of time in the crow’s nest and then flies away.

Is brood parasitism convergent evolution?

Brood parasitism has evolved independently in several bird lineages, giving rise to strikingly similar behavioural adaptations that suggest convergent evolution.

What is brood parasitism Ncert?

Answer: Brood parasitism is the phenomenon in which an organism (parasite) lays eggs on the nest of other organism (host). e.g., Cuckoo (koel) bird lays its eggs in the nest of its host and lets the host incubate them.

What is Commensalism class 12 biology?

– Commensalism: It is defined as in which members of one species gain benefits while the second species neither gets benefited nor gets harmed. The species that get benefit from this association may get nutrients, shelter, support, or locomotion from the host species and these types of species are known as commensals.

What is brood parasitism and how does it occur?

Brood parasitism is when a bird lays its eggs in the nest of another bird. The host bird (as the owner of the nest is called) is then responsible for raising and feeding the parasite bird chick. This means the parasite bird can lay more eggs in a season than it might otherwise, but the host bird’s chicks suffer as a result.

What is an example of a facultative parasite?

Examples of facultative parasites include the bank swallow and the African weaver. Obligate parasites, on the other hand, cannot build nests and are completely reliant on parasitism to raise their young. Examples of obligate parasites include the cuckoo, the African honeyguide, and several species of cowbird.

What is obligate parasitism in birds?

Obligate Parasitism. The other type of brood parasitism is obligate parasitism. In this type, as you might expect from the name, the bird is obligated to be parasitic because they cannot raise their own young. Obligate brood parasites cannot build their own nests and rely completely on brood parasitism to raise their young.

What is social parasitism in biology?

Social Parasitism. Social parasites take advantage of social insects like ants, bees, and termites. They may use mimicry to invade the hive. Some bumblebees invade the hives of other species of bees, making that species raise the parasite’s young.